Smoke Toxicity Test Equipment (Squirrel Cage Method)，combustion smoke toxicity analyzer squirrel cage
Application
The apparatus is widely applied in fire safety research, material performance evaluation, and regulatory compliance testing. Typical applications include:
Smoke toxicity assessment of building and construction materials
Combustion toxicity evaluation of composite (sandwich) panels
Fire performance classification testing for interior decoration materials
Safety evaluation of insulation materials and polymer-based products
Toxicological smoke studies in fire research institutes
Type testing and routine inspection in third-party testing laboratories
Standards
The test apparatus complies with the following national and international standards:
(1) GB/T 20285-2006 – Classification for Toxic Hazard of Smoke Generated by Materials
(2) ISO 19700:2006 – Controlled Equivalence Ratio Method for the Determination of Hazardous Components of Fire Effluents
(3) DIN 53436 – Testing of Thermal Decomposition Products of Materials under Ventilated Conditions and Their Toxicological Evaluation
Parameters
| Item | Specification |
|---|---|
| Quartz Tube & Quartz Boat | Made of quartz glass |
| Quartz Tube Nominal Diameter | (36 ± 1) mm |
| Quartz Tube Wall Thickness | (2 ± 0.5) mm |
| Quartz Tube Length | 1000–1300 mm |
| Quartz Tube Support | Adjustable horizontally and vertically |
| Smoke Collection & Distribution Assembly | Three-way stopcock, dilution gas inlet pipe, gas distribution elbow |
| Gas Flow Pipe Nominal Diameter | (36 ± 1) mm |
| Mouse Rotating Cage | Aluminum plate stamping |
| Rotating Cage Mass | (60 ± 10) g |
| Exposure Chamber | Transparent organic glass |
| Exposure Capacity | Up to 10 mice simultaneously |
| Temperature Control System | Thermocouple, cold-junction compensation, temperature controller, digital display |
| Furnace Movement Drive | Stepper motor |
| Movement Speed | (10 ± 0.1) mm/min |
| Adjustable Speed Range | 5–50 mm/min |
| Maximum Travel Distance | > 600 mm |
| Carrier & Dilution Gas | Compressed air |
| Air Flow Rate | 0–20 L/min adjustable |
Features
Designed specifically according to GB/T 20285-2006 for smoke toxicity hazard classification of materials.
Ring furnace adopts an energy-saving full-fiber furnace tube structure with stable thermal performance.
High-precision temperature control system ensures furnace temperature meets the requirements of Chapter 7 of GB/T 20285.
Stepper-motor-driven furnace displacement system provides low noise, high accuracy, and flexible speed selection.
Quartz tube and joints are precision ground and paired during processing to ensure excellent sealing performance.
Waste gases generated during testing are directly discharged into the ventilation duct through plastic hoses, preventing smoke leakage in the working area.
Transparent exposure chamber allows visual observation of test animals during exposure.
Mouse rotating cages are designed to rotate freely, preventing fixed postures and reducing the risk of mechanical injury.
Integrated carrier gas and dilution gas supply system ensures stable smoke concentration control.
Computer-based control system enables high automation and real-time monitoring of test parameters.
Accessories
(1) Ring furnace heating system
(2) Quartz tube
(3) Quartz boat
(4) Smoke collection and distribution assembly
(5) Transparent organic glass exposure chamber
(6) Mouse rotating cages
(7) Temperature control and furnace displacement system
(8) Carrier and dilution gas supply components
(9) Computer control software system
Test Procedures
Specimen Installation
Prepared specimens are placed into the quartz boat and positioned at the specified location inside the quartz tube.
Animal Placement
Experimental mice are placed into the aluminum rotating cages, ensuring free rotation without fixed stationary points to avoid injury or restricted movement.
System Startup
The industrial computer and control software are started, and a preset test program is selected.
The ring furnace is heated to the required temperature, and once stable, the furnace begins uniform scanning movement to heat the specimen.
Exposure and Monitoring
Smoke is diluted by carrier air and introduced into the exposure chamber, where mice are exposed for 30 minutes.
The software displays temperature curves, airflow rate, and furnace displacement in real time while animal behavior is observed.
Data Collection
Smoke concentration and related parameters are automatically recorded.
After the test, the system generates and prints test data, including time-temperature curves and mouse survival information.
Maintenance Information
Regular inspection of the quartz tube, sealing joints, and gas pipelines is recommended to maintain proper sealing and safe operation. The temperature control system and furnace displacement mechanism should be periodically checked to ensure accuracy and smooth movement. After testing, the exposure chamber and quartz components should be cleaned to prevent residue accumulation. Software data should be backed up regularly, and sensor calibration should follow laboratory quality management requirements.
Conclusion
The GB/T 20285 Material Smoke Toxicity Test Apparatus (Mouse Cage Method) provides a standardized and reliable solution for evaluating the toxic hazards of smoke generated by building materials during combustion. Through controlled smoke generation, precise temperature regulation, and biological exposure testing, the system meets the requirements of GB/T 20285. ISO 19700. and DIN 53436. It is well suited for fire safety research, material classification, and regulatory compliance testing.
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