ASTM E84 Building Materials Flame Spread Test Apparatus，Steiner Tunnel Test Furnace

The ASTM E84 Building Materials Flame Spread Test Apparatus is designed to evaluate the combustion performance of flooring, ceiling, wall coverings, as well as insulation and thermal materials. You can accurately measure the Flame Spread Index (FSI) and Smoke Developed Index (SDI), allowing you to assess the fire safety of materials in real-world applications. This instrument provides reliable data to support building material safety design and compliance.

Application

Interior and exterior building materials: Testing flame spread performance of floors, walls, and ceilings.

Insulation and thermal materials: Fire performance evaluation of polyurethane, mineral wool, glass wool, and other insulation products.

Furniture and composite panels: Fire resistance testing for plywood, upholstered furniture, and other wood or composite materials.

Other interior materials: Fire testing of coatings, wallpapers, and decorative panels.

Compatible test products: Tunnel furnace, dual-head flame nozzle, smoke collection system.

Standards

This test apparatus conforms to the following international standards:

ASTM E84 — Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials

NFPA 255 — Standard Method of Test of Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials

UL 723 — Standard for Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials

ISO 5660 — Fire Testing — Heat Release and Flame Spread Measurements

Parameters

Parameter	Specification
Test Method	ASTM E84 / NFPA 255 / UL 723
Flame Source	Dual-head nozzle of tunnel furnace
Test Duration	10 minutes
Measured Indicators	Flame Spread Index (FSI), Smoke Developed Index (SDI)
FSI Classification	Class A: 0–25Class B: 26–75Class C: 76–200
SDI Range	0–450
Applicable Materials	Wood, composite panels, decorative materials, insulation/thermal materials

Features

Accurate Measurement: Quantifies fire performance through FSI and SDI values.

Multi-Standard Compliance: Supports ASTM, UL, NFPA, and other international standards.

Safe and Reliable: Controlled testing process ensures stable and repeatable data.

Easy Operation: Simple sample installation and test procedure suitable for routine lab use.

Wide Applicability: Covers interior and exterior decoration, insulation materials, and furniture panels.

Accessories

Tunnel furnace main unit

Dual-head flame nozzle

Sample mounting fixtures

Smoke collection and analysis system

Data acquisition and recording system

Test Procedures

Mount the test sample on the sample rack at the top of the tunnel furnace.

Start the tunnel furnace; flames are emitted from the dual-head nozzle onto the sample.

Conduct the test for 10 minutes, recording flame spread and smoke development.

Calculate the Flame Spread Index (FSI) based on flame propagation distance and time.

Measure the Smoke Developed Index (SDI) and classify the material according to ASTM E84 standards.

Maintenance Information

Regularly clean the flame nozzles and furnace to remove carbon deposits for uniform flame distribution.

Calibrate smoke collection devices and sensors quarterly to ensure accurate measurements.

Keep sample fixtures and supports intact to prevent deformation affecting results.

Turn off power and ventilate the lab after use to prevent smoke residue from damaging equipment.

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