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High-Low Temperature Gravel Impact Tester

This tester is widely applied in durability and damage resistance evaluation for materials exposed to gravel impact during actual service conditions, especially in the automotive and coating industries. Typical applications include:

External coating cohesion failure testing

Interlayer adhesion failure testing of multilayer coating systems

Brittleness thickness evaluation of hard glass materials

Optimization of coating thickness for anti-spall performance

Impact, spall resistance, and wear resistance testing of plastics and glass

Stone-chip resistance testing for automotive exterior and interior components

Tested products may include automotive body coatings, plastic trim parts, glass panels, protective coatings, and other exterior decorative or functional materials.

Standards

The tester complies with and supports evaluation methods defined in the following international and industry standards:

(1) SAE J400 – Gravelometer testing for resistance of automotive coatings and materials

(2) VDA 621427 – Stone-chip resistance test for surface coatings

(3) ISO 20567-1 – Paints and varnishes – Determination of stone-chip resistance – Part 1: Multi-impact testing

(4) ASTM D3170 – Standard test method for chipping resistance of coatings

(5) GMW 14668-3.4.9 – Stone impact testing for automotive interior and exterior parts

(6) Peugeot / Citroën D241312 – Evaluation of vehicle coating resistance to stone impact

(7) Chrysler 463PB-52-01 – Stone impact resistance evaluation for materials and coatings

(8) Chrysler 463PB-39-01 – Stone impact testing for automotive components

(9) Mazda MES MN 601C – Stone impact resistance testing of materials and coatings

(10) Ford BI 157-04 – Evaluation of automotive coating resistance to stone impact

(11) Ford BI 157-05 – Evaluation of automotive coating resistance to stone impact

(12) Toyota / Nissan – Stone-chip impact test requirements for automotive interior and exterior parts

Parameters

ItemSpecification
Test environment Temperature 5–35 °C, relative humidity ≤85% RH
Working pressure range 0–5.0 kgf/cm² (adjustable), max up to 8.0 kgf/cm²
Compressed air pipe diameter ≥19 mm
Air tank volume 180 L (maintains 400 kPa for ≥10 s)
Feeding method Automatic feeding, adjustable speed
VDA spray gun diameter 30.0 ± 0.5 mm
SAE spray gun diameter 52.6 ± 0.5 mm
Working time 0–999 s adjustable
Vibration time 0–999 s adjustable
Cycle count 0–99 cycles
Impact angle adjustment 3D adjustable test table, 0–180°, with digital angle display
Impact window size 300 × 300 mm (adjustable support, sample thickness ≤30 mm)
Chamber dimensions Approx. 1800 × 1000 × 1200 mm
Chamber structure ≥6 mm steel plate with coating; 10 mm steel impact window
Impact media 4–5 mm angular steel grit (61–65 HRC), 8–16 mm terrazzo, or JIS A5001 stones
Test pressure 100 ± 5 kPa, 200 ± 10 kPa
Test cycles 1–5 cycles
Spray duration 8–12 s / 500 g or 30–35 s / 2000 g
Spray angle 54° ± 1° (optional 90° ± 1°)
Spray distance 10–500 mm adjustable
Sample size 80 × 80 mm or 200 × 100 mm
Low temperature range −20 °C to −70 °C (settable)
High temperature range Ambient to 150 °C (settable)
Pressure range 0–1 MPa adjustable
Independent temperature chamber −40 °C to 100 °C
Noise level ≤120 dBA (hearing protection required)
Operation mode Continuous operation
Test media Gravel, sand, steel shot, iron shot
Feeding rate Adjustable via electromagnetic vibration feeder
Airflow control Built-in air storage ensures stable pressure and flow

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