Building Integrated Photovoltaics
The building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV for short) is to provide power by fixing PV modules on the building envelop enclosure surfaces and replace some conventional building structures, such as roof sheets, tiles, windows,building facades and rain shelters, as the functional parts of the building structures. It can also be made as the PV multifunction building modules to realize more function, such as thermo-PV device, combination with lighting or solar shading and etc.
There are 2 ways to combine PV and building:
The first is the general combination form (general) which the PV modules and systems are integrated with the building appearance or environment;
The second is the combination form which the PV modules and system are integrated with the building envelop enclosure and environment.
There are 3 installation forms:
1.Building material type: It refers to the indivisible building structure or material which the solar battery is compounded with the tile, brick, roll web, glass and other building materials, such as the PV tile, PV brick, PV roof roll web, PV glass curtain wall, PV sunroof and etc.
2.Integrated installation with roof and wall type: It refers to the forms to install on the flat roof, overhead on the pitched roof and parallel to the wall.
3.Structure type: It refers to the PV modules which are combined with the building structures or become the independent building structure, such as the awning part, shade structure and frieze panel formed by the standard common PV modules or custom made as the building requires.
Key BIPV issues:
(1) Grid PV power station design and construction which are combined with landscaping and building;
(2) Power station's main equipments, such as PV modules, control inverters and etc.;
(3) Grid control with the user-side low-voltage grid co-operation and practical application in power stations;
(4) Optimization of PV array and building integration.
(5) Integrated design of solar PV power system and building;
(6) Installation structure, processing design, cable route design and wiring, lightning protection, PV power station monitor system and others of PV array on building roof.
BIPV applicable range:
Building curtain wall or external wall; building, awning of parking area; building court; slant roof building's tiles; commercial buildings; government office buildings; school buildings; hospital buildings; airport halls, metro platforms; bus stops and large-scale factory workshops.
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