Smoke Toxicity Test Equipment (Squirrel Cage Method)，combustion smoke toxicity analyzer squirrel cage

Application

The apparatus is widely applied in fire safety research, material performance evaluation, and regulatory compliance testing. Typical applications include:

Smoke toxicity assessment of building and construction materials

Combustion toxicity evaluation of composite (sandwich) panels

Fire performance classification testing for interior decoration materials

Safety evaluation of insulation materials and polymer-based products

Toxicological smoke studies in fire research institutes

Type testing and routine inspection in third-party testing laboratories

Standards

The test apparatus complies with the following national and international standards:

(1) GB/T 20285-2006 – Classification for Toxic Hazard of Smoke Generated by Materials

(2) ISO 19700:2006 – Controlled Equivalence Ratio Method for the Determination of Hazardous Components of Fire Effluents

(3) DIN 53436 – Testing of Thermal Decomposition Products of Materials under Ventilated Conditions and Their Toxicological Evaluation

Parameters

Item	Specification
Quartz Tube & Quartz Boat	Made of quartz glass
Quartz Tube Nominal Diameter	(36 ± 1) mm
Quartz Tube Wall Thickness	(2 ± 0.5) mm
Quartz Tube Length	1000–1300 mm
Quartz Tube Support	Adjustable horizontally and vertically
Smoke Collection & Distribution Assembly	Three-way stopcock, dilution gas inlet pipe, gas distribution elbow
Gas Flow Pipe Nominal Diameter	(36 ± 1) mm
Mouse Rotating Cage	Aluminum plate stamping
Rotating Cage Mass	(60 ± 10) g
Exposure Chamber	Transparent organic glass
Exposure Capacity	Up to 10 mice simultaneously
Temperature Control System	Thermocouple, cold-junction compensation, temperature controller, digital display
Furnace Movement Drive	Stepper motor
Movement Speed	(10 ± 0.1) mm/min
Adjustable Speed Range	5–50 mm/min
Maximum Travel Distance	> 600 mm
Carrier & Dilution Gas	Compressed air
Air Flow Rate	0–20 L/min adjustable

Features

Designed specifically according to GB/T 20285-2006 for smoke toxicity hazard classification of materials.

Ring furnace adopts an energy-saving full-fiber furnace tube structure with stable thermal performance.

High-precision temperature control system ensures furnace temperature meets the requirements of Chapter 7 of GB/T 20285.

Stepper-motor-driven furnace displacement system provides low noise, high accuracy, and flexible speed selection.

Quartz tube and joints are precision ground and paired during processing to ensure excellent sealing performance.

Waste gases generated during testing are directly discharged into the ventilation duct through plastic hoses, preventing smoke leakage in the working area.

Transparent exposure chamber allows visual observation of test animals during exposure.

Mouse rotating cages are designed to rotate freely, preventing fixed postures and reducing the risk of mechanical injury.

Integrated carrier gas and dilution gas supply system ensures stable smoke concentration control.

Computer-based control system enables high automation and real-time monitoring of test parameters.

Accessories

(1) Ring furnace heating system

(2) Quartz tube

(3) Quartz boat

(4) Smoke collection and distribution assembly

(5) Transparent organic glass exposure chamber

(6) Mouse rotating cages

(7) Temperature control and furnace displacement system

(8) Carrier and dilution gas supply components

(9) Computer control software system

Test Procedures

Specimen Installation

Prepared specimens are placed into the quartz boat and positioned at the specified location inside the quartz tube.

Animal Placement

Experimental mice are placed into the aluminum rotating cages, ensuring free rotation without fixed stationary points to avoid injury or restricted movement.

System Startup

The industrial computer and control software are started, and a preset test program is selected.

The ring furnace is heated to the required temperature, and once stable, the furnace begins uniform scanning movement to heat the specimen.

Exposure and Monitoring

Smoke is diluted by carrier air and introduced into the exposure chamber, where mice are exposed for 30 minutes.

The software displays temperature curves, airflow rate, and furnace displacement in real time while animal behavior is observed.

Data Collection

Smoke concentration and related parameters are automatically recorded.

After the test, the system generates and prints test data, including time-temperature curves and mouse survival information.

Maintenance Information

Regular inspection of the quartz tube, sealing joints, and gas pipelines is recommended to maintain proper sealing and safe operation. The temperature control system and furnace displacement mechanism should be periodically checked to ensure accuracy and smooth movement. After testing, the exposure chamber and quartz components should be cleaned to prevent residue accumulation. Software data should be backed up regularly, and sensor calibration should follow laboratory quality management requirements.

Conclusion

The GB/T 20285 Material Smoke Toxicity Test Apparatus (Mouse Cage Method) provides a standardized and reliable solution for evaluating the toxic hazards of smoke generated by building materials during combustion. Through controlled smoke generation, precise temperature regulation, and biological exposure testing, the system meets the requirements of GB/T 20285. ISO 19700. and DIN 53436. It is well suited for fire safety research, material classification, and regulatory compliance testing.

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