soil nails are effective as temporary or permanent geostructural solutions
Designed to be installed horizontally or at a slight angle (20-25°), provide reinforcement for earth retention structures within excavations and on slopes in top-down construction. Installed into a drilled hole and used in combination with plate washers and shotcrete, soil nails are effective as temporary or permanent geostructural solutions.
Soil Nailing Applications
- Temporary and permanent excavation support/retaining walls
- Stabilization of tunnel portals
- Stabilization of slopes
- Repair of retaining walls
Types of Facing
The type of facing depends on application and soil type. Current facings include: - Shotcrete, generally reinforced with either o Welded wire mesh o Rebar o Steel or polyester fibers
- Prefabricated concrete or steel panels
Corrosion Protection
Corrosion protection is necessary for long-term temporary and/or permanent works - Epoxy Coatings
- Polyethylene Sheathing
Soil Nailing Design Steps
- Perform geotechnical site investigation
- Evaluate excavation/nailed wall geometry
- Check wall stability - internal/external
- Incorporate drainage control system with nail wall design
- Finalize nailing layout and work sequence
Suitable Application Media
is possible in a wide range of materials including: - Clays
- Sandy soils
- Weathered rock; tallus slope deposits
- Heterogeneous and stratified soils
Soil nailing is not practical in:
- Soft, plastic clays
- Organics/Peat
- Loose (N less than 10), low density and/or saturated soils
- Fills (rubble, cinder, ash, etc.)
Soil Nailing Drainage Systems
Drainage systems are incorporated into the nailed wall, reducing liquid pressure and preventing saturation of the reinforced ground. Drainage systems include: - Geotextile facing : Drilled in place relief wells
- Slotted plastic collection piping Surface drainage control above and behind the retaining wall is also critical to the system.
Soil Nailing Quality Control
- Nailing installation sequence o Verification testing - pull test to verify design strengths o Progressive monitoring for design performance
- Conventional movement monitoring o Inclinometers o Optical survey of fixed targets o Shotcrete : Thickness, Strength
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