soil nails are effective as temporary or permanent geostructural solutions

Designed to be installed horizontally or at a slight angle (20-25°), provide reinforcement for earth retention structures within excavations and on slopes in top-down construction. Installed into a drilled hole and used in combination with plate washers and shotcrete, soil nails are effective as temporary or permanent geostructural solutions.

Soil Nailing Applications

• Temporary and permanent excavation support/retaining walls
• Stabilization of tunnel portals
• Stabilization of slopes
• Repair of retaining walls

  Types of Facing

  The type of facing depends on application and soil type. Current facings include:
• Shotcrete, generally reinforced with either o Welded wire mesh o Rebar o Steel or polyester fibers
• Prefabricated concrete or steel panels

  Corrosion Protection

  Corrosion protection is necessary for long-term temporary and/or permanent works
• Epoxy Coatings
• Polyethylene Sheathing

  Soil Nailing Design Steps

  1. Perform geotechnical site investigation
  2. Evaluate excavation/nailed wall geometry
  3. Check wall stability - internal/external
  4. Incorporate drainage control system with nail wall design
  5. Finalize nailing layout and work sequence

  Suitable Application Media

  is possible in a wide range of materials including:
• Clays
• Sandy soils
• Weathered rock; tallus slope deposits
• Heterogeneous and stratified soils

  Soil nailing is not practical in:

• Soft, plastic clays
• Organics/Peat
• Loose (N less than 10), low density and/or saturated soils
• Fills (rubble, cinder, ash, etc.)

  Soil Nailing Drainage Systems

  Drainage systems are incorporated into the nailed wall, reducing liquid pressure and preventing saturation of the reinforced ground. Drainage systems include:
• Geotextile facing : Drilled in place relief wells
• Slotted plastic collection piping Surface drainage control above and behind the retaining wall is also critical to the system.

  Soil Nailing Quality Control

• Nailing installation sequence o Verification testing - pull test to verify design strengths o Progressive monitoring for design performance
• Conventional movement monitoring o Inclinometers o Optical survey of fixed targets o Shotcrete : Thickness, Strength

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