L-Cystine dihydrochloride

• 

1. Acute Toxicity

• Low acute oral toxicity:
  LD₅₀ (oral, rat) is very high, generally > 2000 mg/kg, indicating low acute toxicity.
• Normal exposure during industrial or laboratory use does not cause acute poisoning.

2. Irritation Hazards (Main Safety Risk)

• Skin irritation:
  May cause redness, dryness, or burning on prolonged contact.
• Eye irritation:
  Significant irritant; can cause pain, conjunctival inflammation, or corneal damage if splashed.
• Respiratory irritation:
  Inhalation of dust may irritate the nose, throat, and respiratory tract.
• Gastrointestinal irritation:
  Ingestion of concentrated material may cause nausea, vomiting, or abdominal discomfort.

3. Sensitization

• No known skin sensitization effects.
• Not classified as a respiratory sensitizer.

4. Chronic & Reproductive Toxicity

• No evidence of carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, or reproductive toxicity under normal use.
• Widely used in cell culture, biopharmaceutical production, and human nutrition with a long safe history.

5. Environmental Safety

• Readily biodegradable in water and soil.
• Non‑bioaccumulative.
• No harmful effects on aquatic organisms at low concentrations.
• Does not persist in the environment.

6. Safe Handling Recommendations

• Wear gloves, safety goggles, and a dust mask when handling powder.
• Avoid breathing dust or contact with eyes/skin.
• In case of eye contact: rinse immediately with plenty of water for 15+ minutes.
• In case of skin contact: wash with soap and water.
• Store in a cool, dry, well‑ventilated area, away from strong bases.

7. Regulatory Status

• Generally recognized as safe for use in cell culture media, bioprocessing, and pharmaceutical formulations.
• Compliant with EP, USP, and biological safety standards.

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