Fully Methylated Melamine-Formaldehyde Resin
Introduction
Fully Methylated Melamine-Formaldehyde Resin (FMMF): Overview and Key Properties
| Category | Details |
|---|---|
| Chemical Type | Hexamethoxymethylmelamine (HMMM) |
| CAS Number | 3089-11-0 |
| Appearance | Colorless to pale yellow viscous liquid |
| Solubility | Soluble in water, alcohols, and most organic solvents |
Key Characteristics
Chemical Structure & Properties
| Property | Value | Significance |
|---|---|---|
| Methylation Degree | >95% | Ensures complete reactivity |
| Viscosity (25°C) | 300–800 mPa·s | Impacts application flow |
| pH | 8.5–10.5 | Stabilizes resin in storage |
| Reactive Sites | 6 methoxy groups per molecule | High crosslinking density |
Curing Performance
| Parameter | Range | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Self-Cure Temp. | 150–180°C | Requires strong acid catalyst |
| Co-Cure Temp. | 120–150°C | With hydroxyl/acid functional resins |
| Gel Time | 5–15 min @ 150°C | Catalyst-dependent |
Applications
Primary Uses
| Industry | Application | Key Benefit |
|---|---|---|
| Coatings | Automotive clearcoats | High gloss, chemical resistance |
| Textiles | Wrinkle-resistant finishes | Durable crosslinks |
| Paper | Wet-strength additives | Improves fiber bonding |
| Adhesives | Wood composites | Low formaldehyde emission |
Formulation Guidelines
| Component | Typical % | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| FMMF Resin | 15–30% | Primary crosslinker |
| Acid Catalyst | 0.5–2% (e.g., p-TSA) | Cure acceleration |
| Co-Resin | 50–70% (e.g., acrylic/polyester) | Flexibility adjustment |
| Additives | 1–5% | Flow/leveling control |
Advantages vs. Alternatives
| Feature | FMMF | Partially Methylated MF | Urea-Formaldehyde |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reactivity | High | Moderate | Low |
| Formaldehyde Emission | Very Low | Moderate | High |
| Water Resistance | Excellent | Good | Fair |
| Cost | $ | $ | $ |
Safety & Compliance
| Parameter | Status |
|---|---|
| VOC Content | <250 g/L (compliant) |
| Food Contact | FDA 21 CFR 175.300 |
| Storage | 12 months @ 25°C (inert atmosphere) |
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